Motor-controller.



N0. 653,2l8. Patented luly IO, I900.

D. H. DARRIN.

MOTOR CONTROLLER.

. (Application filed Sept. 2, 1899.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Shea! WWW. M7-/. 23W 51W Tnz NORRIS vzrzns co.. vno'rouwu. WASHINGTON D. c.

No. 653,218. Patented July IO, I900. D. H'. DABRIN. MOTOR CONTROLLER.

(Application. filed Sept. 2, 1899.)

(No Modal.)

2 Sheets-Shoot 2.

' NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID II. DARRIN, OF CRANFORD, NEIV JERSEY.

MOTOR-CONTROLLER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 653,218, dated July 10,1900.

Application filed September 2,1899. Serial No. 729,278. (No model.)

T0 at 10710722, it may concern:

Beitknown that I, DAVID H. DARRIN, a citi zen of the United States,residing at Oranford, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Motor-Controllers,of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

This invention relates to motor-controllers;

and one object is to construct a controller which shallbe economical inconstruction and be adapted to accurately and efficiently control theoperation of the motor.

In operating certain classes of machinery it is often necessary to stopand start the motor a great many times before it is run at its normalspeed. This is illustrated in the case of motors used for running largenewspaperprinting presses. In such work in making the press ready it isnecessary to start the motor and allow it to make a few revolutions andthen instantly stop it in order that the pressman may examine theimpression-cylinders or arrange various parts of the press. \Vith theordinary rheostatic controllers it is necessary to move the lever from apoint of rest to a point where the desired speed of the motor willresult, and when it is desired to stop the press the lever must be movedback to its original position. This occupies considerable time, and itis difficult for the operator to tell just when to operate the lever inorder to stop the press atthe desired point. This difficulty is furtherincreased by reason of the fact that it is usually necessary for thepressman to call out to another operator stationed at the rheostat whenhe desires the press stopped. According to myinvention I propose toprovide means whereby the operator may instantly stop the press withoutmoving the controlling-lever of the rheostat back to the position ofrest. I also propose to provide means whereby the pressman may so stopthe press from any desired point and whereby when so stopped he maystart it again without further movement of the controlling-lever andwithout shock or danger to the motor.

A still further object of my invention is to construct a controllerwhich when stopped by a pressman or operator from any point away fromthe controlling-lever cannot be started again by any one, either at thecontrolling-lever or elsewhere, until the operator who stopped the pressstarts it himself.

WVith these general objects in view I have shown herein a type ofcontroller embodying my invention and which will be used as anillustration in describing the invention, it being understood that theinvention may be applied to any suitable type or construction ofcontroller.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a front View of a controllerconstructed in accordance with my invention and showing in diagram theelectric circuits. Fig. 2'isadiagram of the electric circuits, showingthe armature of the motor in circuit with the main line. Fig. 3 is adetail diagram of a portion of the main armature-circuit; and Fig. 4 isa diagram of the circuits, showing the armature out of circuit with themain line.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, A represents the motor tobe controlled, and B represents a switch connected with the terminals 1and 2 of the main-line circuit.

(1 represents a rheostatic controller of suitable type, having theresistance-plates 3 and 4 and a controlling-lever 5, adapted to makecontact with the same. The rheostat may be any suitable form of startingdevice.

D is a switch comprising a solenoid d, to the core of which is atlixed aprojecting rod 6, carrying connecting-bars 7, 8, and 9, theconnecting-bars being adapted to make contact with contacts 10 and 11,12 and 13, 14 and 15, and with springs 16 and 17, as hereinafterdescribed. The rod 6 carries at suitable interval fixed collars 18, 19,and 20, and a spring 21 tends to force the contact-bar 7, which isloosely mounted upon the rod, against the collar 18. In like manner thespring 22 tends to force bar 8 against the collar 19, and a spring 23tends to force the bar 9 against col lar 20. The contact-bars and thestationary contacts 10 to 15, inclusive, are preferably provided withcarbon contact-points at the places where contact is made in order thatdamage will not result to the switch from any accidental sparking.Thecollars 18,19, and 20, and consequently the relative positions ofbars 7, 8, and 9, are so adjusted that when the coil of the solenoid isnot energized by current passing through the same the contacts of bar 7will rest upon the stationary contacts and 11, and bars 8 and 9 will bedisconnected, and so that when the coil is energized the core and therod 6 will be forced upward, breaking the contact between bar 7 andcontacts 10 and 11 and bringing the contacts upon bars 9 and 8 intocontact with the stationary contacts 14 and 15 and 12 and 13,respectively, the springs 22 and 23 allowing a still further movement ofrod 6 after the contacts just mentioned have been made, so that suchfurther movement of the rod 6 will bring the contacts of bar 7 intocontact with the spring-contacts 16 and 17. 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, and 29are binding-posts to which the wires of the various circuits areconnected, as hereinafter described. A wire 30 connects terminal 1 withbinding-post 29, and a wire 31 connects terminal 29 with therheostat-plates 3. From rheostat-plate4 a wire 32 leads to thestationary contact 14 of the switch D, and from the latter a wire 33leads to spring-contact 16. From spring'contact 17 a wire 34 leads tocontact 11. From contact 11 a wire 35 leads to contact 13, and fromthence wire 36 leads to binding-post 28. ire 37 leads from binding-post28 to the armature of the motor A, and from the opposite armature wire38 leads to the terminal 2 of the main circuit. A contact-plate 39 uponthe controller 0 is adapted to make contact with an insulated connection71 on the controller. A wire 40 connects the plate 39 with binding-post25. From binding-post 25 a wire 41 leads to the field a of the motor A,and from the field a a wire 42 leads to the wire 38, which is connectedwith terminal 2. A wire 43 leads from wire 31 to a binding-post 44,which is connected with the contact-strip 45, carried by the controller0 and adapted to make contact at all times with an insulatedcontact-point 46, carried by the controller -lever 5. A similarcontactstrip 47 is also carried by the controller 0 and adapted to makecontact with the contactpoint 46 during a portion of the movement of thelever, as hereinafter described, the contact-strip 47 being connectedwith the binding-post 48. From binding-post 48 a wire 49 leads into thecoil of the solenoid d, the other end of the coil of the solenoid beingconnected by a wire 50 wit-h a binding-post 51, the latter beingconnected to a contact-strip 52, carried by the controller 0 and adaptedto make contact with an insulated contact-point 53, 5

carried by the lever 5 throughout the entire movement of the lever. Thewire 50 is connected with binding-post 24 through a suitable resistance54. From the contact-point 46 a wire leads to a terminal 56 in thehandle of a controlling-rheostat. point 53 is connected with a movableterminal 57 in the handle of the controlling-rheostat by a wire 58. Themovable contact 57 is adapted to be brought into electric contact withthe contact 56 by a turning or twisting of the lever-handle upon thecontroller-lever 5, where- I by the lever may be moved upon its pivotwith Oontactthe contact between terminals 56 and 57 open or closed. Frombinding-post 48 a wire 59 leads to binding-post 26, and from bindingpost60, which is electrically connected with binding-post 51, a wire 61leads to bindingpost 27. From binding-posts 26 and 27 the wires 62 and63 eXtend to suitable parts of the press, and at convenient placesswitches 64 65, &c., are provided, which switches are adapted to connectwires 62 and 63 in any suitable place. From terminal 2 a wire 66 leadsto a binding-post 24, and from thence a wire 67 leads through a lowheavy resistance 68 to the contact 10. Contact 12 of the switch D isconnected with contact 15 by a wire 68, and the contact 15 is connectedthrough a high resistance 69 by a wire 70 with the wire 49.

The operation of the apparatus above described is substantially asfollows: Assuming the terminals 55 and 57 and the terminals of thepush-buttons 64 and to be in their open normal position and thecontrolling-lever 5 to be in substantially the position shown in Fig. 1,if current be turned on from the main line a circuit will be establishedfrom terminal -1 through wire 30 to binding-post 29, through wire 31,wire 43, binding-post 44, and contact-strip 45 to contact-point 46, fromcontact-point 46 to contact-strip 47, thence to binding-post 48, frombinding-post 48 through wire 49 to the coil of the solenoid d, and fromthence by wire 50 through resistance 54 to the binding-post 24 andthence through wire 66 to the terminal 2. This circuit will energize thecoil of the solenoid and overcome the force of gravity which holds thecore and the rod 6, carrying the contact-blades 7, 8, and 9, in theirlowermost position and force the rod and the contact-blades upward,bringing contact-blade 9 into contact with the contacts 14 and 15 andcontact-blade 8 into contact with the contacts 12 and 13. A circuit isthen established, as shown in Fig. 2, from terminal 1 through wire 30 tobinding-post 29, thence through wire 31 to resistance-plate 3, throughthe controller-lever 5 to resistanceplate 4, and thence through wire 32to contact-point 14, thence through contact-blade 9 to contact 15,thence through Wire 68 to contact 12, thence through contact-blade 8 tocontact 13, and from contact 13 through wire 36 to binding-post 28,thence through Wire 37 to the armature of the motor, and from thearmature through wire 38 to terminal 2. At the same time the currentafter reaching wire 43 passes through the contact-strip 45 tocontact-wire 46, thence by Wire 55 on the controller-lever to the plate39, and from plate 39 passes by wire 40 to binding-post 24, and fromthence by wire 41 to the field a of the motor A, and from thence by wire42 to wire 18 and terminal 2, likewise current passing fromcontact-point 15 through .resistance 69 and wires and 49 into the coilof the solenoid. As the controller-lever is moved over theresistance-plate the resistance is cut out IIO and the motor started orcontrolled by themovement of the lever. The coil 01 will by this timehave become energized sufficiently to force the rod 6 upward to itsfullest extent, which while still keeping bars 8 and 9 against theirrespective contacts will bring bar 7 into contact with thespring-contacts 16 and 17, which will provide a clear metallic circuitfrom contact 14 by wire 33 to spring-contact 16, thence through bar 7 tocontact 17 and by wires 34 and 35 to wire 36, thus cutting out theresistance of the carbon contact-points from the armature-circuit. Ifnow the operator at the controller-lever desires to immediately stop thepress, the controller-lever being in any position upon theresistanceplates, he gives the handle of the controllerlever a quicktwist, which brings the terminals 56 and 57 together and short-circuitsthe coil of the solenoid d, the current from wire 43 passing frombinding-post 44 to contact-' point 46, thence by wire 55 to terminal 56,

from terminal 56 to terminal 57, thence by wire 58 to contact-point 53,thence by contactstrip 52 to binding-post 51, and from there by wire 50through resistance 54 into the binding-post 24. The result is thatsolenoid (Z being deenergized the force of gravity and force of springs22 and 23 causes rod 6 and the contact-blades 7, 8, and 9 to drop intotheir lowermost position, breaking the contacts above described andbringing contactblade 7 into contact with the contacts and 11. Thisestablishes the following circuits, as shown in diagram in Fig. 4: Thecurrent through the field of the motor remains the same as beforedescribed, and continued rotation of the armature will cause the motorto act as a generator, and the current will then pass from the armaturethrough wire 38 to terminal 2, from terminal 2 through wire 66 tobinding-post 24, from binding-post 24 to wire 67, through the resistance68, which will be made heavy enough to suit individual conditions, tothe contact 10, thence through contact-bar 7 to contact 11, and thenceby wires and 36 to binding-post 23 and from binding-post 28 by wire 37into the armature. The current generated by the rotation of the armaturebeing forced through the low heavy resistance 68 acts as a brake for themotor and quickly stops the same. If the operator be at some point otherthan at the controller-lever and desires to stop the press, the coil ofsolenoid (Z may be short-circuited by closing the circuit through any ofthe switches 64 65, &c. The path of the current from wire 43 will thenbe from binding-post 44 through contact-strip 45 to contact 46, thencethrough contact-strip 47 to bindingpost 48, or from contact 15 throughresistance 69,wires and 49, and through wire 59 to binding-post 26,through wire 62, push-button 64, wire 63, binding-post 27, and wire 61to binding-post 60, and thence to bindingpost 51 and through wire 50 andresistance 54 to the binding-post 24. It is obvious that as long as thesolenoid is short-circuited by any of the above-mentioned circuits itwill be impossible for any current from the main lines to pass into thearmature of the motor, and the pressman is therefore perfectly safe fromany danger of the press being started by some one else. As soon as theoperator who has stopped the motor desires to start it again he can doso without moving the controller-lever by simply opening the circuit atthe push-button or the controller-handle, whichever was used toshort-circuit solenoid, which will break the short circuit of thesolenoid and allow the current to flow from wire 43 into the coil, asbefore described, thus energizing the coil and closing the switch fromthe main line into the armature. It will be found in practice that it isnot practicable under all conditions to let in the full current fromthemain line to the armature at once and that there is a limit beyondwhich it is not safe to introduce current from the main line into themotor without further resistance, and therefore after thecontroller-lever has passed such a point upon the resistance-plates itwill not be safe to'en ergize the solenoid and close the switch so thatthe current from the main line above the limit referred to can enter themotor. I therefore cut off the contact-strip 47, so that as soon as thecontroller-lever passes the point where it cuts out of the resistanceall that it is safe to cut out and lets the line-current in it willbreak contact with the contact-strip 47, and thus make it impossible toget current from wire 43 into the solenoid-coil through wire 49. Thiswill not, however, interfere with the continued energizing of thesolenoid-coil from cont-act 15 while the contact-blade 9 is in contacttherewith, and thus will not interfere with the operation of the motorat its higherspeeds. 7

It will be observed that with the apparatus above described the motormay be instantly stopped from anyconvenient point and may be startedagain without the delay of operating the controller-lever and,furthermore, that the operation of the device will be perfectly safeboth to the operator and to the motor.

It will be understood, of course, that although the invention hasbeendescribed herein as having particular reference to printingpressmachinery the application of the invention is nevertheless not confinedto such use, as it maybe profitably employed in other lines wheresimilar conditions of motor control prevail. Likewise the variousconnections may be varied to suit conditions arising in individualcases.

In applying the invention to certain conditions it may be founddesirable to reverse the connections and arrangement of the solenoid cland the bars of switch D, so that the switch is closed by gravityinstead of opened, as here shown, and to open the switch by theenergizing of coil d.

Having thus described my invention, I de clare that what I claim as new,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of a motor, a main circuit therefor, a controlling-rheostat and a switch in said main circuit, electrical means forholding the switch in one of its positions, and means for deenergizingsaid last-named means, whereby said switch is permitted to be moved tothe opposite direction independently of the operation of said rheostat,substantially as described.

2. The combination of a motor and a main circuit therefor, acontrolling-rheostat and a switch in said main circuit, a magnet adaptedto move said switch to one of its positions when energized, means forenergizing said magnet,and means for denergizing said magnetindependently of the operation of said rheostat, whereby said switch maybe moved to the opposite position from that in which it was held by themagnet, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a motor, a main circuit therefor, acontrolling-rheostat and a switch in said main circuit, means forholding said switch closed, and means for denergizing said last-namedmeans and opening said, switch independently of the operation of saidrheostat whereby said circuit will be broken, substantially asdescribed.

4:- The combination of a motor, a main circuit therefor, acontrolling-rheostat and a switch in said main current, a magnet adaptedto close said switch when energized, means for energizing said magnet,and means for denergizing said magnet and opening said switch, wherebysaid circuit will be broken independently of the operation of saidrheostat, substantially as described.

5. The combination of a motor, a main circuit therefor, acontrolling-rheostat and a normally-open switch in said main circuit, amagnet acting when energized to hold said switch closed, a local circuitadapted to energize said magnet, and means for withdrawing said localcircuit from said magnet independently of the operation of saidrheostat, whereby said main circuit may be broken, substantially asdescribed.

6. The combination of a motor, a main circuit therefor, acontrolling-rheostat and a normally-open switch in said main current, amagnet acting when energized to hold said switch closed, a local circuitadapted to energize said magnet, and means for short-circuiting saidlocal circuit, whereby said magnet will be deenergized and said switchbe opened independently of the operation of said rheostat, substantiallyas described.

7. The combination of a motor, a main circuit therefor, acontrolling-rheostat and a normally-open switch in said main circuit, amagnet acting when energized to hold said switch closed, a local circuitadapted to energize said magnet, means for short-circuiting said localcircuit whereby said magnet will be deenergized and said switch openedindependently of the operation of said rheostat, and means for openingsaid short circuit only when the rheostat is in such position thatcurrent not exceeding a predetermined strength can be delivered to themotor, substantially as described.

8. The combination of a motor, a main circuit therefor, acontrolling-rheostat and a normally-open switch in said main current,

' a magnet acting when energized to hold said switch closed, a localcircuit adapted to energize said magnet, means for opening and closing ashort circuit through said local circuit whereby when said short circuitis established, the magnet will be denergized and said switch be openedindependently of the operation of said rheostat, and whereby when saidshort circuit is broken, said magnet will again be energized,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

DAVID H. DARRIN. Witnesses:

O. V. EDWARDS, ALEX FERGUSON.

